The Treaty of Gandamak (1879) was one of the most consequential agreements of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880), fundamentally reshaping the relationship between British India and Afghanistan during the era of the Great Game. Signed between Amir Muhammad Yakub Khan and Sir Louis Cavagnari on behalf of the British Government of India, the treaty grantedContinue reading “Treaty of Gandamak (1879): How Britain Gained Control over Afghanistan During the Great Game”
Category Archives: International Treaties
Pelindaba Treaty: African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone, AFCONE, Protocols & Global Significance
The Pelindaba Treaty, officially known as the African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty, is a landmark regional disarmament agreement that establishes Africa as a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone (NWFZ). Adopted on 11 April 1996 and entering into force on 15 July 2009, the treaty reflects Africa’s long-standing commitment to nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation, and the peaceful use of nuclear energy.Continue reading “Pelindaba Treaty: African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone, AFCONE, Protocols & Global Significance”